Description of the disease
First the evolution of rabies the way it's known in dogs and humans.
1 ) In dogs
The animal first manifests behavioral problems: sad and worried, he then became furious. He can not bear the sight of the water: it is said to be suffering from hydrophobia ( hydros = water and phobeiri = fear ). Free, he runs straight ahead, passing biting animals and people, traveling considerable distances. Then, paralysis appear at various points of the body, in particular the animal can not open his mouth. It does not take long to die then, succumbing to his paralysis.
2) In humans
Most often, rabies is transmitted to humans by the bite of a rabid dog, whose saliva is rich in microbes. But it also happens that cats are mad. There are also reports of bites by rabid jackals.
The incubation period ( ie, the time elapsing between the ingress of microbial germs in the body and the onset of symptoms ) is variable depending on the location of the bite. More your bite is near the head, the disease occurs more quickly. Thus, it takes a couple of weeks before the outbreak of the disease in the case of a bite to the head. The incubation period is three months in the case of bite on the leg. '
The symptoms are the same as in the dog. First, changes in the character irritable, the patient soon becomes furious. The hydrophobicity appears that painful muscle contractions. Very low exitations ( noise, light) enough to provoke them. Death occurs three to ten days after the onset of symptoms or by asphyxia (due to the contraction of the muscles of the throat ) or paralysis. All these symptoms indicate that you. nervous system are reached
The cause of the disease: rabies virus.
The microbe is the cause of this disease is a VIRUS. ( Review your classification of microbes). This is a very small and Pasteur, who studied nearly rabies germ, could never be observed. Indeed, the microscopes of the time could not allow him to "see" the virus that are not visible in an electron microscope.
This virus grows on the nerve tissue. Pasteur himself proved:
direct injection of the virus in the blood, does not rabies. Its inoculation in the nerve centers ( injection made in the brain) causes it within one to two weeks. During a bite, rabies viruses that are in your saliva of rabid dog bind to nerve endings in the person bitten. Lilies grow there and gradually gaining cord soft and brain ( nerve centers ). When the nerve centers are affected, paralysis occur, leading to death.
This explains that the incubation period is variable depending on the location of the bite. The more it is close to the head, the faster the brain is affected by viruses that grow along nerves.
Fight against rabies.
This disease is always fatal. We can not cure a person in whom rabies was reported. So the fight against rabies is only preventive.
1 ) Destruction "reservoirs of virus."
These " virus reservoirs " are dogs with rabies. Hence the great importance of adopting stray dogs and lead, after muzzled, the authorities of the town or the nearest police station. If the animal shows a lot of aggression, take precautions, and, if necessary, kill him.
If a dog has been bitten by another must do both animals examined by a veterinarian and lend to different visits are required.
In any case, biting animal must be placed under observation. Any change in his behavior must be held suspect then begin vaccinating about bitten without waiting more specific signs of rabies.
A good preventive measure is to not let the dogs run â campaign and use a muzzle outings.
2) Rabies vaccination.
This is PASTOR who, after having vainly searched microbe of rabies, yet managed to prepare a vaccine. It is among the works of the scientist, who was in the world, the greatest impact.
- Pasteur verifies that it is a microbial disease: since it can inoculate a sick animal to a healthy annal. He then shows, by the experiences we have explained above, this microbe develops only in nerves and nerve centers.
- It then tries to "see" this microbe (virus). Impossible. It defies all attempts to observation. But Pasteur course of its existence and, in particular, its abundance in the nervous substance.
- However, to prepare a vaccine, the first step is to isolate the microbe in order to make a "culture." ( A microbial culture is a " medium" where microbes are abundant ). Pasteur then had the brilliant idea to consider the nervous centers as a " culture medium " of the rabies virus. Regardless of not being able to isolate the microbe as there is a "middle" where it is in large quantities. Working on this "middle" as we have done on a medium of "culture" obtained in the laboratory.
- The second step in the preparation of a vaccine is to obtain "mitigation" microbes, that is to say a decrease in virulence of the culture medium. (Decrease = decrease in virulence of pathogenic ). Pasteur made many tests. li operated on cords of rabid rabbits which he was undergoing treatment, he checked the " virulence " then inoculating the rabbit skull, fragments of marrow has undergone treatment. Thus, he found that the spinal soft updates dry, protected from light, at a temperature of 23 °, gradually lost their virulence and became completely harmless after two to three weeks.
Pasteur had found a way to reduce germs of rabies.
- These " bugs" have lost their virulence are they " vaccinating "?
It was easy to check if Pasteur had obtained a "vaccine". Why he inoculated fragments of spinal cord resulting in a dog, and not contracted the disease and, subsequently, they resisted the attack perfectly virulent virus.
Pastor, without having "seen " the virus had managed to prepare a rabies vaccine.
- This vaccine is it used in humans?
the big question. Despite the achievements in the dog, opponents of Pasteur refused to admit the reality of antimicrobial vaccine against a microbe that could be observed. Pastor, he did not dare try vaccination on human experience was too dangerous. In case of failure, this meant sacrificing a man.
But, July 6, 1885, was brought to Pasteur a child who has been bitten by a rabid dog. Long ago, Pasteur was asked the following question:
knowing that, in humans, the incubation period is long ( at least fifteen days), is that by vaccinating from the bite, we would not have the time to appear in the jet su bitten a state immunity, able to oppose the establishment of the disease?
All the way, the child is lost.... Pasteur decided and vaccinated. success is complete: the child is saved!
The vaccine prepared by Pasteur is used in humans, it is even sufficient to vaccinate after the bite to prevent the disease.
- Currently:
Vaccinating all subjects who have been bitten by a rabid dog. The vaccine is prepared from dried marrow antiseptic added. The immunization consisted of a series of injections for 20 to 30 days.
Understand that, in the case of rabies, it is indeed a vaccine
- It injects "virus" mitigated;
- The body responds to the injection of antibody formation
- These antibodies are capable of destroying viruses and oppose their development.
In the case of rabies, as in that of other vaccinations, the vaccine is preventive. Thereby not vaccinated after bite is the long incubation period in humans.
CONCLUSION
Rabies is a disease transmitted to humans by the bite of a rabid dog. It is always fatal. Only the rabies vaccine performed as soon as possible after the bite, can be avoided. Ever, as about rabies vaccinations practice has appeared so important and beneficial to mankind. It is with the study of this disease as best seen how the genius of a man, measuring and projecting the shortcomings of time, may, by rigorous arguments, reaching extraordinary discoveries.
First the evolution of rabies the way it's known in dogs and humans.
1 ) In dogs
The animal first manifests behavioral problems: sad and worried, he then became furious. He can not bear the sight of the water: it is said to be suffering from hydrophobia ( hydros = water and phobeiri = fear ). Free, he runs straight ahead, passing biting animals and people, traveling considerable distances. Then, paralysis appear at various points of the body, in particular the animal can not open his mouth. It does not take long to die then, succumbing to his paralysis.
2) In humans
Most often, rabies is transmitted to humans by the bite of a rabid dog, whose saliva is rich in microbes. But it also happens that cats are mad. There are also reports of bites by rabid jackals.
The incubation period ( ie, the time elapsing between the ingress of microbial germs in the body and the onset of symptoms ) is variable depending on the location of the bite. More your bite is near the head, the disease occurs more quickly. Thus, it takes a couple of weeks before the outbreak of the disease in the case of a bite to the head. The incubation period is three months in the case of bite on the leg. '
The symptoms are the same as in the dog. First, changes in the character irritable, the patient soon becomes furious. The hydrophobicity appears that painful muscle contractions. Very low exitations ( noise, light) enough to provoke them. Death occurs three to ten days after the onset of symptoms or by asphyxia (due to the contraction of the muscles of the throat ) or paralysis. All these symptoms indicate that you. nervous system are reached
The cause of the disease: rabies virus.
The microbe is the cause of this disease is a VIRUS. ( Review your classification of microbes). This is a very small and Pasteur, who studied nearly rabies germ, could never be observed. Indeed, the microscopes of the time could not allow him to "see" the virus that are not visible in an electron microscope.
This virus grows on the nerve tissue. Pasteur himself proved:
direct injection of the virus in the blood, does not rabies. Its inoculation in the nerve centers ( injection made in the brain) causes it within one to two weeks. During a bite, rabies viruses that are in your saliva of rabid dog bind to nerve endings in the person bitten. Lilies grow there and gradually gaining cord soft and brain ( nerve centers ). When the nerve centers are affected, paralysis occur, leading to death.
This explains that the incubation period is variable depending on the location of the bite. The more it is close to the head, the faster the brain is affected by viruses that grow along nerves.
Fight against rabies.
This disease is always fatal. We can not cure a person in whom rabies was reported. So the fight against rabies is only preventive.
1 ) Destruction "reservoirs of virus."
These " virus reservoirs " are dogs with rabies. Hence the great importance of adopting stray dogs and lead, after muzzled, the authorities of the town or the nearest police station. If the animal shows a lot of aggression, take precautions, and, if necessary, kill him.
If a dog has been bitten by another must do both animals examined by a veterinarian and lend to different visits are required.
In any case, biting animal must be placed under observation. Any change in his behavior must be held suspect then begin vaccinating about bitten without waiting more specific signs of rabies.
A good preventive measure is to not let the dogs run â campaign and use a muzzle outings.
2) Rabies vaccination.
This is PASTOR who, after having vainly searched microbe of rabies, yet managed to prepare a vaccine. It is among the works of the scientist, who was in the world, the greatest impact.
- Pasteur verifies that it is a microbial disease: since it can inoculate a sick animal to a healthy annal. He then shows, by the experiences we have explained above, this microbe develops only in nerves and nerve centers.
- It then tries to "see" this microbe (virus). Impossible. It defies all attempts to observation. But Pasteur course of its existence and, in particular, its abundance in the nervous substance.
- However, to prepare a vaccine, the first step is to isolate the microbe in order to make a "culture." ( A microbial culture is a " medium" where microbes are abundant ). Pasteur then had the brilliant idea to consider the nervous centers as a " culture medium " of the rabies virus. Regardless of not being able to isolate the microbe as there is a "middle" where it is in large quantities. Working on this "middle" as we have done on a medium of "culture" obtained in the laboratory.
- The second step in the preparation of a vaccine is to obtain "mitigation" microbes, that is to say a decrease in virulence of the culture medium. (Decrease = decrease in virulence of pathogenic ). Pasteur made many tests. li operated on cords of rabid rabbits which he was undergoing treatment, he checked the " virulence " then inoculating the rabbit skull, fragments of marrow has undergone treatment. Thus, he found that the spinal soft updates dry, protected from light, at a temperature of 23 °, gradually lost their virulence and became completely harmless after two to three weeks.
Pasteur had found a way to reduce germs of rabies.
- These " bugs" have lost their virulence are they " vaccinating "?
It was easy to check if Pasteur had obtained a "vaccine". Why he inoculated fragments of spinal cord resulting in a dog, and not contracted the disease and, subsequently, they resisted the attack perfectly virulent virus.
Pastor, without having "seen " the virus had managed to prepare a rabies vaccine.
- This vaccine is it used in humans?
the big question. Despite the achievements in the dog, opponents of Pasteur refused to admit the reality of antimicrobial vaccine against a microbe that could be observed. Pastor, he did not dare try vaccination on human experience was too dangerous. In case of failure, this meant sacrificing a man.
But, July 6, 1885, was brought to Pasteur a child who has been bitten by a rabid dog. Long ago, Pasteur was asked the following question:
knowing that, in humans, the incubation period is long ( at least fifteen days), is that by vaccinating from the bite, we would not have the time to appear in the jet su bitten a state immunity, able to oppose the establishment of the disease?
All the way, the child is lost.... Pasteur decided and vaccinated. success is complete: the child is saved!
The vaccine prepared by Pasteur is used in humans, it is even sufficient to vaccinate after the bite to prevent the disease.
- Currently:
Vaccinating all subjects who have been bitten by a rabid dog. The vaccine is prepared from dried marrow antiseptic added. The immunization consisted of a series of injections for 20 to 30 days.
Understand that, in the case of rabies, it is indeed a vaccine
- It injects "virus" mitigated;
- The body responds to the injection of antibody formation
- These antibodies are capable of destroying viruses and oppose their development.
In the case of rabies, as in that of other vaccinations, the vaccine is preventive. Thereby not vaccinated after bite is the long incubation period in humans.
CONCLUSION
Rabies is a disease transmitted to humans by the bite of a rabid dog. It is always fatal. Only the rabies vaccine performed as soon as possible after the bite, can be avoided. Ever, as about rabies vaccinations practice has appeared so important and beneficial to mankind. It is with the study of this disease as best seen how the genius of a man, measuring and projecting the shortcomings of time, may, by rigorous arguments, reaching extraordinary discoveries.